Firing positions and observation posts
First machine gun positions were built using stones. Some positions were strengthened by using wooden balks. Later all firing positions and observation posts were built by using concrete. Most of the positions were covered. Roofs were made of steel rails (bars) which were covered with concrete. Few positions were meant to be open sites. Some positions are uncovered because construction work interrupted suddenly and covers stayed unfinished.
Need for stronger positions became obvious during the war, and so the Russians decided to build strong concrete caponiers in 1916. Between first and second world war most of the covered positions destroyed when the steel bars were blown out for scrap metal. A few covered positions are saved.
An embrasure of an unfinished machine gun position. (1998)Main types of firing positions and observation posts in land front:
Observation and sharp shooting posts
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